abstract：:A small series of pilot seminars on ethics and values in prison practice have been held over the past two years. This article outlines the background, the content and the relevance to prison staff. It concludes that a full trial of the approach for both staff and prisoners would seem to be necessary and that the semin...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Fraser A,Gatherer A,Bloom S

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the association of neighbourhood median income and racial/ethnic composition with the availability of tobacco products in Omaha Metropolitan Area, Nebraska, USA. METHODS:A total of 94 census tracts were selected at random. The outcome measures were the percentage of stores that sold tobacco and th...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Siahpush M,Jones PR,Singh GK,Timsina LR,Martin J

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the burden of road traffic injury (RTI) in primary and secondary level hospitals in Bangladesh, and its economic impact on affected families. STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. METHODS:The study was carried out in February and March 2001. To estimate the burden of RTI patients and the length of s...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Mashreky SR,Rahman A,Khan TF,Faruque M,Svanström L,Rahman F

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the degree to which the Safe Community (SC) model is effective in reducing injuries. Although positive results have been reported for some communities in developed countries, there is no consistent relationship between being an international designated SC and subsequent changes in observed rate ...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Rahimi-Movaghar V

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:European public health systems are converging, particularly in relation to communicable disease control. This process requires mutual learning through comparison; this was undertaken for Scotland (population 5.1 million) and Hungary (population 10.5 million). METHODS:Using the official web- and paper-based ...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Stefler D,Bhopal R

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The nature of public health evidence presents challenges for conventional systematic review processes, with increasing recognition of the need to include a broader range of work including observational studies and qualitative research, yet with methods to combine diverse sources remaining underdeveloped. The...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Baxter S,Killoran A,Kelly MP,Goyder E

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Little research has evaluated changes in the association between area deprivation and suicidal behaviour over time. This study investigated patterns in suicide attempts and suicide mortality according to material deprivation in the province of Québec, Canada between 1990 and 2005. STUDY DESIGN:Ecological an...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Burrows S,Auger N,Roy M,Alix C

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the microbiological quality of sachet-packaged drinking water in Western Nigeria and its impact on public health. STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional microbiological testing. METHODS:Ninety-two sachet-packaged water samples were analysed for microbiological and metal qualities. Total bacterial and colifo...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Olaoye OA,Onilude AA

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To establish uptake of influenza vaccine amongst care home clinical staff in Greater Nottingham, and to investigate what could be done to improve vaccine uptake in this group. STUDY DESIGN:Postal questionnaire surveys were used. In the first instance, a total sample survey was used. In the second instance, ...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Shroufi A,Copping J,Musonda P,Vivancos R,Langden V,Armstrong S,Slack R

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To explore barriers to, and ways to improve, uptake of cervical screening among Somali women in Camden, London. STUDY DESIGN:A qualitative research study using focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. METHODS:A qualitative study (comprising seven focus groups and eight in-depth interviews) was cond...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Abdullahi A,Copping J,Kessel A,Luck M,Bonell C

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study was conducted to gain an in-depth understanding of people's perceptions of childhood burns and their prevention in rural areas of Bangladesh. STUDY DESIGN:Qualitative study. METHODS:Five focus group discussions were conducted in this study. Eight to twelve members were present in each group. Gro...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Mashreky SR,Rahman A,Chowdhury SM,Svanström L,Linnan M,Shafinaz S,Khan TF,Rahman F

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the associations between vertical (institutional) political trust in the Riksdag and daily smoking and smoking cessation. STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. METHODS:In total, 27,757 individuals aged 18-80 years answered a postal questionnaire, which represents 59% of the random sample. A lo...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Lindström M

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The high prevalence and mortality from tuberculosis (TB) in prisons in Europe make them a priority target for the StopTB strategy. Implementation however is difficult and requires a whole prison approach, with due attention to the values and understanding of all staff and to prisoners' health literacy levels. ...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Moller L,Gatherer A,Dara M

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Afflicting the majority of female offenders, mental illness is grossly over-represented among incarcerated women. It is a substantial contributor to the poor health status of this population. Of particular concern are the effects of trauma and substance use disorders, which are often a result of past victimization. Th...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Moloney KP,Moller LF

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Scotland is at a cross-roads in relation to the provision of health care for prisoners and those within the criminal/community justice systems. In this paper we review the opportunities afforded by policy and structural changes, integrated within health care systems to make prison health a true public health service. ...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Mackie P,Morling J

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To explore some of the strengths and weaknesses of purely quantitative approaches used in health impact assessment (HIA) and the implication of this for policy making. STUDY DESIGN:The studies presented generally used a variety of quantitative risk assessment (QRA) methodologies. METHODS:For each populatio...

journal_title：Public health

authors： O'Connell E,Hurley F

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Is the 'harm principle', famously propounded by J.S. Mill and widely adopted in bioethics, an appropriate principle to guide public health regulation? The harm principle limits liberty-limiting interventions to those instances where the person poses a significant risk of harm to others. However, much of public health ...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Gostin LO,Gostin KG

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the prevalence of substance use, sexual behaviours, and suicidal ideation and attempts among adolescents in Guangzhou, China, and to explore the associations between these risk behaviours and demographics. STUDY DESIGN:A two-stage stratified cluster sample design produced a representative sam...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Wang J,Deng XJ,Wang JJ,Wang XW,Xu L

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The European Commission's new health strategy for improving health at the European Union (EU) level includes tackling alcohol consumption. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of alcohol consumption and problem drinking, as well as students' attitudes towards banning the sale of alcohol on campus. STUD...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Stock C,Mikolajczyk R,Bloomfield K,Maxwell AE,Ozcebe H,Petkeviciene J,Naydenova V,Marin-Fernandez B,El-Ansari W,Krämer A

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The detention of patients infected with tuberculosis has recently been the subject of significant professional and public interest. In Ireland, the power to detain and isolate probable sources of infectious disease is found in the Health Act 1947. The objective of this study was to describe the use of the po...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Duffy ST

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the influence that the provision of environmental information might be able to make on personal travel behaviour through analysis of the views of members of the public expressed in a study for the UK Department for Transport on attitudes towards carbon calculator tools. STUDY DESIGN:A three-stage...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Chatterton TJ,Coulter A,Musselwhite C,Lyons G,Clegg S

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Knowledge about the health-seeking behaviour of injury patients is important for the improvement of community health services. The aims of this study were: (1) to describe the healthcare-seeking behaviour of injury patients; (2) to examine factors associated with injury patients seeking care at health facili...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Hang HM,Byass P

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the changes in the prevalence of obesity in a rural community between 1977 and 2003. STUDY DESIGN:A multiple cross-sectional study. METHODS:The analysis was based on data from four cross-sectional surveys of adults aged 25-59 years, conducted in the town of Humboldt, Saskatchewan in 1977, 1983,...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Chen Y,Rennie DC,Dosman JA

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:A precise knowledge of the risk factors for childhood and adolescent smoking is crucial for the development of appropriate preventive measures. This study investigated current smoking prevalence and the social and regional correlates for smoking among minors (children and adolescents aged 12-17 years) in Ger...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Pust S,Mohnen SM,Schneider S

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the burden of burn injury in primary and secondary hospitals in Bangladesh, and how these costs are reflected as social and economic burdens in the community. STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. METHODS:A direct method was adopted to estimate the cost of burn injury, which involved interviewing pa...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Mashreky SR,Rahman A,Chowdhury SM,Giashuddin S,Svanström L,Khan TF,Cox R,Rahman F

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To undertake a review of the literature relating to public health planning and interventions at previous summer Olympic and Paralympic Games and other relevant major summer sporting events or mass gatherings, with a focus on official publications and peer-reviewed articles. STUDY DESIGN:Literature review. M...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Enock KE,Jacobs J

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study highlights the burden of urban road traffic injuries (RTIs) in children and young adults in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa to heighten awareness of current limitations in child health policies, and to direct future research and intervention development. METHODS:Comparative analysis of recent Su...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Hyder AA,Muzaffar SS,Bachani AM

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:In order to set the foundation for the possible development of injury surveillance initiatives in north-west London, data on all presentations during 2002 at the nine accident and emergency departments (AEDs) in the relevant strategic health authority were examined. STUDY DESIGN:Descriptive, cross-sectional ...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Jamrozik K,Samarasundera E,Miracle R,Blair M,Sethi D,Saxena S,Bowen S

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This paper presents the methods and findings of a survey of current service configuration in tuberculosis screening, treatment and prevention in England and Wales, which was conducted as part of the development of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guidelines on tuberculosis for the co...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Balasegaram S,Grant R,Ormerod P,Mant J,Hayward J,Lowe D,Story A

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify key stakeholders' views of factors that may enable or limit the use of health impact assessment (HIA) in the decision-making processes within their organizations. METHODS:In-depth interviews were carried out with 14 key informants from local and regional stakeholder organizations. SETTING:North ...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Ahmad B,Chappel D,Pless-Mulloli T,White M

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the chronological trend of low-birth weight in full-term babies (TLBW) in Taiwan in the 1980s and 1990s when the nation experienced a rapid economic advancement, and assessed the association between TLBW and parental education and marital status. DESIGN:Data from liveborn singletons ...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Li CY,Sung FC

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study examined the risk factors of mortality related to pregnancy for the first year post partum in a cohort of 25,580 pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN:Longitudinal cohort follow-up. METHODS:Details of socio-economic status, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), diet, illness, work, substance use and previous ...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Christian P,Katz J,Wu L,Kimbrough-Pradhan E,Khatry SK,LeClerq SC,West KP Jr

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In 1994, the Palestinian Health Authority took over responsibility for primary health care (PHC) in Gaza Strip and West Bank. OBJECTIVES:This paper reports on the Palestinian National Strategic Health Plan (PNSHP 1999--2003). The extent to which the PHC objectives were achieved is discussed, together with a...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Abu Mourad T,Radi S,Shashaa S,Lionis C,Philalithis A

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the sexually transmitted diseases (STD) surveillance system sensitivity with a conditional probability approach at district level in Darregaz, a frontier town in the north of Iran. STUDY DESIGN:A cross-sectional survey. METHODS:We used a sample survey of sexually active inhabitants for proxy me...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Majdzadeh R,Pourmalek F

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY DESIGN:A cross-sectional study was conducted in all states of Malaysia to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension. A stratified two-stage cluster sampling design with proportional allocation was used. METHODS:Trained nurses obtained two blood pressure measurements from each sub...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Rampal L,Rampal S,Azhar MZ,Rahman AR

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review attempts to evaluate a proposed lexicon for African-descent populations from the viewpoint of saliency amongst those described and wider official and scientific usage, focusing on Britain and the USA. It is argued that it is unsatisfactory to privilege the term 'African American' over 'Black' for African-d...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Aspinall PJ

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The organized efforts of the state to protect its citizens from threats to the public's health presuppose some commonality of health beliefs and behaviors, and legislation underpinning public health interventions is premised on the beliefs and behaviors of the population majority. To what extent, in a public health em...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Martin R

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Early interventions targeting health inequalities, and changing policies for mothers and pre-school children, have focused attention on existing interventions. OBJECTIVES:To collect baseline data about current roles and activities undertaken by health visitors; and to understand the relationship between exi...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Cowley S,Caan W,Dowling S,Weir H

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the burden of diseases caused by stroke using disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and to compare the attributable burdens of risk factors with the avoidable burdens. METHODS:First, we estimated the disease burden of stroke due to premature death and disability using 2001 morbidity and mortalit...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Lee H,Yoon SJ,Ahn HS,Moon OR

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent 90-year anniversary of the Battle of the Somme presents an opportunity to examine the public health response to the trench diseases, new conditions which arose in the trenches of World War I. Throughout history, there have been two views of epidemic disease: the configurationist and contagionist perspective...

journal_title：Public health

authors： Atenstaedt RL

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00